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Earth Battery Experiment
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<blockquote data-quote="thenumbersix" data-source="post: 28452" data-attributes="member: 393"><p><strong>Re: Earth Battery Experiment</strong></p><p></p><p>Flattery will get you everywhere <img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7" class="smilie smilie--sprite smilie--sprite45" alt=":D" title="Big grin :D" loading="lazy" data-shortname=":D" /></p><p></p><p>It is basically the same as 4 AA batteries, each battery has an acidic liquid, ie the battery acid or the potato inside the skin, this is wet and quite acidic when fresh and is referrred to as the electrolyte.</p><p></p><p>Stuck in the electrolyte or potato will be two bits of metal, usually copper and zinc, which is why we get zinc whatever batteries. These are the anode and cathode (+ and - of the battery)</p><p></p><p>As you connect a wire to each bit of metal sticking out of the acid it creates the current by a chemical reaction between the two metals with in the acid. </p><p></p><p>Particles from one metal 'want' to move to coat the other, this is a natural process that occurs in this situation.</p><p></p><p>(The key is the difference in the metals, the further apart they are in a Noble table, below, the better it will work. NB. Same metals will also work a tiny amount as one will always be more prone to galvanic corrosion than the other, you will only get tiny voltages though.)</p><p></p><p>The result is electricity between the two exposed bits of metal :</p><p></p><p><img src="http://www.spectrumdynamics.com/images/batteryCell.jpg" alt="" class="fr-fic fr-dii fr-draggable " style="" /></p><p></p><p>The potato I cut in 4 and put a screw in each, then took 3 bits of wire and wrapped one end of each around the screws (Galvanised - Zinc Coated). The other end I pushed into the potato using a 1p coin (copper). So I have 4 bits of potato connected screw to coin then screw to coin then screw to coin, and at each end of the circuit i have one screw, on the first potato, and one coin, on the last potato, these have no wire on them, these are the + and - terminals of the battery.</p><p></p><p>Each potato piece is a cell of the overall battery. The picture above is one cell. Each cell can only create up to about 2v max. This is inherent in the physics of the process, doesn't matter how big you make it. This is why an AA 'battery' is only 1.5v, it is a single cell. As you put 4 of them into your remote control it joins them in series and makes 6v. This is what I have done with the wires, connected them in series (ie. + to - then again + to - and so on).</p><p></p><p>Because the potato is a weaker acid, the voltage isn't so high, I managed 3v, just enough to dimly light an LED, with an un-measurably small current (Amps). The strength of the acid, the distance the metals are apart on the Noble table and the size of the metals all determine different strengths of electrical power, ie. voltage, current, and life of battery.</p><p></p><p>An almost identical experiment : <a href="http://www.unit5.org/christjs/Potato%20Battery.htm" target="_blank">Potato Battery</a></p><p></p><p><img src="http://www.unit5.org/christjs/potato.jpg" alt="" class="fr-fic fr-dii fr-draggable " style="" /></p><p></p><p>Hope that helps explain it a bit ?</p><p></p><p></p><p><strong>NOBLE TABLE :</strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p><strong>Active (Anodic)</strong> </p><p></p><p></p><p></p><ol> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Magnesium</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Mg alloy AZ-31B</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Mg alloy HK-31A</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Zinc (hot-dip, die cast, or plated)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Beryllium (hot pressed)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Al 7072 clad on 7075</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Al 2014-T3</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Al 1160-H14</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Al 7079-T6</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol"><strong>Cadmium (plated) </strong></li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Uranium</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Al 218 (die cast)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Al 5052-0</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Al 5052-H12</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Al 5456-0, H353</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Al 5052-H32</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Al 1100-0</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Al 3003-H25</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol"><strong>Al 6061-T6 </strong></li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Al A360 (die cast)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Al 7075-T6</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Al 6061-0</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Indium</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Al 2014-0</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol"><strong>Al 2024-T4 </strong></li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Al 5052-H16</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Tin (plated)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Stainless steel 430 (active)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Lead</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Steel 1010</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Iron (cast)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Stainless steel 410 (active)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol"><strong>Copper (plated, cast, or wrought) </strong></li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Nickel (plated)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Chromium (Plated)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Tantalum</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">AM350 (active)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Stainless steel 310 (active)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Stainless steel 301 (active)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Stainless steel 304 (active)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Stainless steel 430 (active)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Stainless steel 410 (active)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Stainless steel 17-7PH (active)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Tungsten</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Niobium (columbium) 1% Zr</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Brass, Yellow, 268</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Uranium 8% Mo.</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Brass, Naval, 464</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Yellow Brass</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Muntz Metal 280</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Brass (plated)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Nickel-silver (18% Ni)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Stainless steel 316L (active)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Bronze 220</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Copper 110</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Red Brass</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Stainless steel 347 (active)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Molybdenum, Commercial pure</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Copper-nickel 715</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Admiralty brass</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Stainless steel 202 (active)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Bronze, Phosphor 534 (B-1)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Monel 400</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Stainless steel 201 (active)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Carpenter 20 (active)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Stainless steel 321 (active)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Stainless steel 316 (active)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Stainless steel 309 (active)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Stainless steel 17-7PH (passive)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Silicone Bronze 655</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Stainless steel 304 (passive)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Stainless steel 301 (passive)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Stainless steel 321 (passive)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Stainless steel 201 (passive)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Stainless steel 286 (passive)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Stainless steel 316L (passive)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">AM355 (active)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Stainless steel 202 (passive)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Carpenter 20 (passive)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">AM355 (passive)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">A286 (passive)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Titanium 5A1, 2.5 Sn</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Titanium 13V, 11Cr, 3Al (annealed)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Titanium 6Al, 4V (solution treated and aged)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Titanium 6Al, 4V (anneal)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Titanium 8Mn</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Titanium 13V, 11Cr 3Al (solution heat treated and aged)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Titanium 75A</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">AM350 (passive)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Silver</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Gold</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Graphite</li> </ol><p><strong>End - Noble (Less Active, Cathodic)</strong></p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="thenumbersix, post: 28452, member: 393"] [b]Re: Earth Battery Experiment[/b] Flattery will get you everywhere :D It is basically the same as 4 AA batteries, each battery has an acidic liquid, ie the battery acid or the potato inside the skin, this is wet and quite acidic when fresh and is referrred to as the electrolyte. Stuck in the electrolyte or potato will be two bits of metal, usually copper and zinc, which is why we get zinc whatever batteries. These are the anode and cathode (+ and - of the battery) As you connect a wire to each bit of metal sticking out of the acid it creates the current by a chemical reaction between the two metals with in the acid. Particles from one metal 'want' to move to coat the other, this is a natural process that occurs in this situation. (The key is the difference in the metals, the further apart they are in a Noble table, below, the better it will work. NB. Same metals will also work a tiny amount as one will always be more prone to galvanic corrosion than the other, you will only get tiny voltages though.) The result is electricity between the two exposed bits of metal : [img]http://www.spectrumdynamics.com/images/batteryCell.jpg[/img] The potato I cut in 4 and put a screw in each, then took 3 bits of wire and wrapped one end of each around the screws (Galvanised - Zinc Coated). The other end I pushed into the potato using a 1p coin (copper). So I have 4 bits of potato connected screw to coin then screw to coin then screw to coin, and at each end of the circuit i have one screw, on the first potato, and one coin, on the last potato, these have no wire on them, these are the + and - terminals of the battery. Each potato piece is a cell of the overall battery. The picture above is one cell. Each cell can only create up to about 2v max. This is inherent in the physics of the process, doesn't matter how big you make it. This is why an AA 'battery' is only 1.5v, it is a single cell. As you put 4 of them into your remote control it joins them in series and makes 6v. This is what I have done with the wires, connected them in series (ie. + to - then again + to - and so on). Because the potato is a weaker acid, the voltage isn't so high, I managed 3v, just enough to dimly light an LED, with an un-measurably small current (Amps). The strength of the acid, the distance the metals are apart on the Noble table and the size of the metals all determine different strengths of electrical power, ie. voltage, current, and life of battery. An almost identical experiment : [url=http://www.unit5.org/christjs/Potato%20Battery.htm]Potato Battery[/url] [img]http://www.unit5.org/christjs/potato.jpg[/img] Hope that helps explain it a bit ? [b]NOBLE TABLE : [/b] [b]Active (Anodic)[/b] [list=1] [*]Magnesium [*]Mg alloy AZ-31B [*]Mg alloy HK-31A [*]Zinc (hot-dip, die cast, or plated) [*]Beryllium (hot pressed) [*]Al 7072 clad on 7075 [*]Al 2014-T3 [*]Al 1160-H14 [*]Al 7079-T6 [*][b]Cadmium (plated) [/b] [*]Uranium [*]Al 218 (die cast) [*]Al 5052-0 [*]Al 5052-H12 [*]Al 5456-0, H353 [*]Al 5052-H32 [*]Al 1100-0 [*]Al 3003-H25 [*][b]Al 6061-T6 [/b] [*]Al A360 (die cast) [*]Al 7075-T6 [*]Al 6061-0 [*]Indium [*]Al 2014-0 [*][b]Al 2024-T4 [/b] [*]Al 5052-H16 [*]Tin (plated) [*]Stainless steel 430 (active) [*]Lead [*]Steel 1010 [*]Iron (cast) [*]Stainless steel 410 (active) [*][b]Copper (plated, cast, or wrought) [/b] [*]Nickel (plated) [*]Chromium (Plated) [*]Tantalum [*]AM350 (active) [*]Stainless steel 310 (active) [*]Stainless steel 301 (active) [*]Stainless steel 304 (active) [*]Stainless steel 430 (active) [*]Stainless steel 410 (active) [*]Stainless steel 17-7PH (active) [*]Tungsten [*]Niobium (columbium) 1% Zr [*]Brass, Yellow, 268 [*]Uranium 8% Mo. [*]Brass, Naval, 464 [*]Yellow Brass [*]Muntz Metal 280 [*]Brass (plated) [*]Nickel-silver (18% Ni) [*]Stainless steel 316L (active) [*]Bronze 220 [*]Copper 110 [*]Red Brass [*]Stainless steel 347 (active) [*]Molybdenum, Commercial pure [*]Copper-nickel 715 [*]Admiralty brass [*]Stainless steel 202 (active) [*]Bronze, Phosphor 534 (B-1) [*]Monel 400 [*]Stainless steel 201 (active) [*]Carpenter 20 (active) [*]Stainless steel 321 (active) [*]Stainless steel 316 (active) [*]Stainless steel 309 (active) [*]Stainless steel 17-7PH (passive) [*]Silicone Bronze 655 [*]Stainless steel 304 (passive) [*]Stainless steel 301 (passive) [*]Stainless steel 321 (passive) [*]Stainless steel 201 (passive) [*]Stainless steel 286 (passive) [*]Stainless steel 316L (passive) [*]AM355 (active) [*]Stainless steel 202 (passive) [*]Carpenter 20 (passive) [*]AM355 (passive) [*]A286 (passive) [*]Titanium 5A1, 2.5 Sn [*]Titanium 13V, 11Cr, 3Al (annealed) [*]Titanium 6Al, 4V (solution treated and aged) [*]Titanium 6Al, 4V (anneal) [*]Titanium 8Mn [*]Titanium 13V, 11Cr 3Al (solution heat treated and aged) [*]Titanium 75A [*]AM350 (passive) [*]Silver [*]Gold [*]Graphite [/list][b]End - Noble (Less Active, Cathodic)[/b] [/QUOTE]
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